Leech and Short (2007:11) see it as the linguistic study of style or the study of language as used in literary texts, with the aim of relating it to its artistic functions (13). meaning within the text. An introduction to graphology: definition, theoretical background and further linguistic or stylistic analysis: 2.3. What does graphological deviation mean in stylistics analysis? 4.3.4 Eclipse in Rwanda (1998) 5. Graphetic contains features that help to foreground a text eg (italics, underlining, bolding, irregular spelling, capitalization, font size) Phonetic features comprises of spoken languages e.g voice quality Phonological/Graphological level Language In graphologial level of you consider features like punctuations, spellings, spacing of words 1. So, quantitative stylistics on the one hand may provide confirmation for the hunches or insights we have about style. It describes Since stylistic study depends on the use of linguistic levels and features, it is useful to look for the relationship between stylistics and other disciplines. The Oxford English Dictionary has recorded as many as twenty-eight different entries under the term style. In literary studies and stylistics, foregrounding is a the linguistic strategy of calling attention to certain language features in order to shift the reader's attention from what is said to how it is said. The researcher posits that Achebe uses italics for emphasis, to reflect foreign concepts or cultural beliefs as well as to create humour. This statement presupposes that Jane wrote fiction text. On most occasions, it is this non-linguistic use of the term that most commonly comes to mind when using the word graphology, as recorded in the Encyclopaedia Britannica (2011). 2.4.1 Graphological Deviation Graphological deviation is placed in the bottom strata on the levels of stylistics nowadays. Secondly, critics also criticize a literary approach which over concentrates on textual values. This level is often referred to stylistic meaning. repetition, consonance, assonance etc. They also said that the major aim of studying stylistics is to explore the meanings and understand the linguistic features of the text. Moreover, the role of quantification depends on how necessary it is to prove ones point intuition has a respectable place both in linguistics and criticism. This level of analysis involves both syntax and morphology. As a matter of fact, scholars of stylistics have scarcely given this poet a deserving attention. Singapore 369977. 3) considers, 'the . 2.1.10 Punctuation In this sense, the Oxford English Dictionary (2013) elaborately defines the linguistic side of graphology as the study of written and printed symbols and of writing systems. This study is limited to graphological level of linguistic stylistic analysis, for two obvious reasons: firstly, the research did not consider the other levels, for avoidance of deficiency and awkwardness, having studied six poetry collections; secondly, the research is not on General Stylistics which analyses nonliterary variety of language or registers. In the later years, Halliday, McIntosh and Strevens (1964:50) expanded the concept of graphology to include spellings, punctuations, capitalizations, italicizations and many other graphic resources related matters in language. the study of text language and By continuing to use this site, well assume you agree to the use of Cookies. There is a gap between the octave and sestet of the sonnet. Similarity features-similarity features are normally temporary. In a more generalized perspective, Enkvist (1973:11) regards it as discipline concerned with the theory and analysis of style(qtd. Quantity of syllable (short, long) and about what is done, what is going to be OR is this foresight part of the graphological deviation, or am I missing a crucial element here? All Rights Reserved. Notwithstanding the few setbacks that enwrap the proposals of these two scholars, their works constitute a valuable contribution to the study of graphology. More remarkably, none of these collections has been studied stylistically. Together with this setback, there is also a general consensus that graphology is neither relevant nor interesting in itself and, to some extent, a greater number of people still misunderstand the real meaning of this word (Eva, 2015). 1.Morphological level and forming systemic use of sound in are where, there, here, etc. Mobile: +65 8908 9326 The second however, is the analysis of a literary text via both means provided by linguistic or literary studies. This dissertation is an investigation into the poetry of Joe Ushie from the perspective of linguistics. Literary work is the field par excellence of stylistics. Hence, a socio-stylistic study of Gabriel Bamgbose's Something Happened After the Rain is undertaken in order to reveal how the poet. Based on the statement of the problem stated above, the research examines the following questions in order to achieve the purpose of this study: 1) What are the patterns of graphology found in Ushies poetry? 1964: 50). Meanings are judged through The concept of style as deviation is informed by the notion that certain rules and conventions exist in the study of language and a conscious departure from these common practices for the purpose of aesthetics and meaning delivery constitutes the background for the understanding of the term: deviation. In addition to . Graphology, however, is an essential part of the description of any written language. McIntosh in his paper entitled Graphology and Meaning opined thus: I have used the word graphology in a sense which is intended to answer, in the realm of written language, to that of phonology in the realm of spoken language (McIntosh, 1961 cited in Eva, 2015). Stylistics, Literary Criticism and Practical Criticism have certain things in common. language, it studies the sound system. Graphology is a stylistic instrument which makes Ushie's writing peculiarity, an illustrating example of style as deviation from the actual linguistic norm. @lomlfoml If you look at the poem - visually look at it - you can directly. Graphologists note suchRead More Graphology: Definition, Explanation, Purpose & Examples English Graphology Graphology Graphology 5 Paragraph Essay A Hook for an Essay APA Body Paragraph Context Essay Outline Evidence Harvard Hedging Language Used in Academic Writing MHRA Referencing MLA Opinion Opinion vs Fact Plagiarism Quotations Restate Summarize Summary Works Cited Required fields are marked *. On this note therefore, it becomes problematic demarcating literature from language and vice versa as students are made to specialize in either of them. Nature of syllables (open or closed) GRAPHOLOGY It is the study of hand writing. Foregrounding as a theory was first put forward by Jan Mukrovsky, a don at the University of Prague. a brief summary of phonological and Graphological level in stylistics. Graphology in this sense is not a branch of linguistics. I am also indebted to my amiable parents, Elder/Deaconess Nseobong Nkopuruk; they deserve a special mention, for their all-round support which metamorphosed into a Masters Degree in English, today.always counting on them too, for higher heights. 2.1.8 Levels of analysis within the Graphological Framework: Enquiries into previous Categorization "y>: jl/ Introduction It is interested in providing only a set of maxims which should be rigorously producing certain effects. is more dependent upon the readers ability Again, students whose interests are narrowed into the field of literary stylistics need an articulated and current work in the field to update their knowledge. 2.3.1 Mukrovskys Theory of Foregrounding A study of English stylistics: Theoretical Background of - Kenyayote need to be distinguished and put through an analysis to find out the foregrounding and the derivation. The position, nature and quantity of the Publish an article about your business, startup, school, product launch or event on Kenyayote. Every writer has a natural, linguistic and idiosyncratic way of expressing ideas that leads to the identification of style with man and his thought. Stylistic features of each. 2.1.7 The Concept of Graphology Jane no longer writes fiction. The inuence of these factors has been analyzed in detail by psycholinguists (Semino and Culpeper 2002; Enkvist 1985). The analysis is made under the aspects of phonological, morphological, graphological, and lexicosyntactic levels. Accordingly, Levenston (1992) criticizes the lack of critical approaches to the study of graphology and proposes four major schemes within the graphic representation of language. graphological level, lexico-syntactic level, morphological level, phonological level, stylistics . Eg. It deals with culture and it encompasses social context, age group context, racial context, ideological context as well as political and religious contexts. It involves figure 1.2, or table 1.1 . Lennards (2005) proposal on the study of graphological elements. The concept of Style does not exist in a vacuum; it has meaning when language is used to communicate the message. But also lately a more concerned view has been voiced which stresses that stylistics has contributed to methodologies in the teaching of literature and that, therefore, L1 and L2 methods are embedded in stylistics. 3. As long as there is a blue sky above me; as long as there is life in my hands, my loyalty to Gods reign is steadfast and total. used afterward. The phonological Rhyme scheme Graphology is the study of language in print; a stylistic instrument which makes Ushie's writing peculiarity an illustrating example of style as deviation from the actual linguistic norm.